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Riemann P-function : ウィキペディア英語版
Riemann's differential equation
In mathematics, Riemann's differential equation, named after Bernhard Riemann, is a generalization of the hypergeometric differential equation, allowing the regular singular points to occur anywhere on the Riemann sphere, rather than merely at 0, 1, and \infty. The equation is also known as the Papperitz equation.
The hypergeometric differential equation is a second-order linear differential equation which has three regular singular points, 0, 1 and \infty. That equation admits two linearly independent solutions; near a singularity z_s, the solutions take the form x^s f(x), where x = z-z_s is a local variable, and f is locally holomorphic with f(0)\neq0. The real number s is called the exponent of the solution at z_s. Let ''α'', ''β'' and ''γ'' be the exponents of one solution solution at 0, 1 and & \infty respectively; and let ''α''', ''β''' and ''γ''' be that of the other. Then
:\alpha + \alpha' + \beta + \beta' + \gamma + \gamma' = 1.
By applying suitable changes of variable, it is possible to transform the hypergeometric equation: Applying Möbius transformations will adjust the positions of the RSPs, while other transformations (see below) can change the exponents at the RSPs , subject to the exponents adding up to 1.
==Definition==
The differential equation is given by
:\frac + \left(+
\frac +
\frac \right ) \frac
::+\left(ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)

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